Page 218
Asian Journal of Engineering, Social and Health
Volume 4, No. 1 January 2025
Volume 4, No. 1 January 2025 - (218-229)
p-ISSN 2980-4868 | e-ISSN 2980-4841
https://ajesh.ph/index.php/gp
Analysis of Erosion Rate and Sedimentation Rate at Batujai Dam
Using USLE and MUSLE Methods
Ni Luh Putu Lavidya Amartya Utari1*, I Wayan Yasa2, Yusron Saadi3, Eko Pradjoko4
Universitas Mataram, Indonesia
Emails: putulavidyaau@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The main source of reservoir sedimentation is land erosion in rivers. According to the Nusa Tenggara 1
River Basin Center, the Batujai Dam is 38 years old and has had very significant shallowing. The Batujai
Dam is a dam that has problems with sedimentation, compounded by the presence of water weeds such
as water hyacinths and land erosion. As a result of the sedimentation process, the dam that was built does
not function properly, and its storage capacity decreases, leading to a reduction in the dam's function and
agricultural land productivity. This study aims to determine the magnitude of the erosion and
sedimentation rate that occurs in the Batujai Dam as a reference for controlling and maintaining the
reservoir to overcome sedimentation in the future. The methods used in the analysis of erosion rates are
the USLE and MUSLE methods, and sedimentation analysis is calculated using the Boyce SDR equation.
Obtained erosion in the Batujai Dam with the USLE method is 630,273.84 m3/year, and with the MUSLE
method is 654,369.59 m3/year. The annual sedimentation rate with the Boyce equation is obtained at
97,185.80 m3/year with the USLE method and 99,496.57 m3/year with the MUSLE method.
Keywords: Erosion, Sedimentation, SDR, USLE, MUSLE.
INTRODUCTION
Dams are one of the water resource development infrastructures that are widely
developed in Indonesia. As an irrigation structure, dams store river water in a reservoir and can
be used as a hydropower plant for flood control and tourism. According to the age of the dam,
the reservoir volume can decrease due to sedimentation in the inundation area. If the change in
reservoir volume is significant, the dam's operating pattern needs to be re-evaluated, and this
will affect the dam's function. The main factor causing the decrease in water storage capacity in
Indonesia reservoirs is the high sedimentation rate. Land degradation due to erosion in the
Watershed Area upstream of the reservoir is believed to contribute significantly to the high
sedimentation (Ikawati et al., 2019). One source of sedimentation in the reservoir is land erosion
in the river basin, which is then carried by the water flow into the reservoir. In general,
geography, soil properties, ground cover vegetation, land use, and meteorological factors—
Analysis of Erosion Rate and Sedimentation Rate at Batujai Dam Using USLE and MUSLE Methods
Page 219
Asian Journal of Engineering, Social and Health
Volume 4, No. 1 January 2025
particularly rainfall intensity—all influence the likelihood of erosion (Asdak, 2010). Sedimentation
can result from land erosion processes in the reservoir's watershed area or landslides from
riverbanks or the reservoir banks. A portion of the sediment that enters the reservoir will settle
at the bottom, and the rest will be released with the outflow. Sediment that enters the reservoir
will settle on every surface of the reservoir. Depending on the operating system, the size of the
sediment particles, and the reservoir's structure, each reservoir has a characteristic sediment
dispersion pattern (Putra et al., 2019). The sedimentation process of the dam causes the water
structure that has been built to function less optimally and leads to a decrease in the dam's
capacity, which impacts the reduction of the dam's function (Widalia et al, 2015), the decrease
in agricultural land productivity, and the reduction of channel capacity (Hardiyatmo, 2006). Based
on data collected by facilitators from the relevsant agencies, most existing dams are damaged
and cannot be properly operated. The decline in function, characterized by reduced capacity to
store water due to uncontrolled sedimentation, is a common problem. Wild plants that can
damage dam structures thrive when rivers and reservoirs experience siltation. This issue needs
careful attention because, if not addressed promptly, it could damage the dam's structure,
disrupting the best irrigation system and reducing the dam's effectiveness (Diwandono et al.,
2024).
Batujai Dam is the largest dam in Central Lombok, located in Batujai Village, Praya Barat
District. The Batujai Dam is a realization of utilizing available water potential, namely the
Dodokan Watershed potential. The Batujai Dam is a dam that has problems with sedimentation,
compounded by the presence of water weeds such as water hyacinths and land erosion.
According to the BWS NT 1 (2020), the Batujai Dam is already 38 years old, and significant
sedimentation has occurred. At the beginning of its construction, the reservoir had a depth of 18
m, whereas, by 2019, the depth had decreased to 12 m, with more than 35% of the reservoir's
surface covered by a population of water hyacinths, causing the reservoir's capacity to decrease
from 25 million m³ to 18.4 million m³ (Miftayugi et al., 2022). The government has carried out
sediment dredging for two years to increase the reservoir's capacity. In addition, the government
has been conducting cleaning operations for roughly a decade but have not yielded good results
(Apzani et al., 2023).
The primary source of reservoir sedimentation is land erosion in river basins. Several
methods can be used to estimate the magnitude of erosion; the first is USLE (Universal Soil Loss
Equation), a parametric model used to predict erosion from a land area by Wischmier and Smith
(1965, 1978). The more data and information generated from research and experiments, the
more U.S. soil conservation experts continue to refine the USLE, culminating in the development
of the RUSLE (Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation) (Arsyad, 2012) and MUSLE (Modified
Universal Soil Loss Equation) is an extension of the USLE equation by replacing the rainfall
erosivity factor (R) with the surface runoff factor. The sediment carried into the river is only a
portion of the eroded soil.
Ni Luh Putu Lavidya Amartya Utari, I Wayan Yasa, Yusron Saadi, Eko Pradjoko
Page 220
Asian Journal of Engineering, Social and Health
Volume 4, No. 1 January 2025
Based on the erosion rate, the estimation of sedimentation occurring in the watershed area
can be calculated. The sediment carried to the watershed outflow should be accurately estimated
to create efficient soil erosion management strategies at the watershed scale. The sediment
delivery ratio (SDR) is used to explain the potential deposition of eroded soil in the watershed
(Park et al., 2010).
This research aims to identify the erosion rate in the Batujai watershed area, which can
cause sedimentation in the Batujai dam. The results of the erosion rate and sedimentation rate
analysis in this reservoir can be used as a reference for reservoir management and maintenance
to address future sedimentation. Along with the development of technology, a spatial database
processing system is needed that can accelerate and simplify location detection while also
providing an overview of events from the study results so it can be used as a basis for decision-
making by agencies. Geographic Information Systems are used with GIS software to achieve that
goal.
RESEARCH METHOD
The location of this research is in the Dodokan watershed, which serves as the rain
catchment area for the Batujai Dam. The Batujai Dam is located in Batujai Village, Praya Barat
District, Central Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara Province. The analysis was conducted on
5 tributaries that flow into the reservoir, as shown in Figure 1, including the Leneng River (Leneng
Sub CA), Tiwubare River (Tiwubare Sub CA), Sade River (Sade Sub CA), Surabaya River (Surabaya
Sub CA), and Kelebuh River (Kelebuh Sub CA) with a catchment area of Batujai of approximately
130.42 km² or 13,042 ha.
Figure 1. Batujai Catchment Area Map
The empirical models used to predict soil erosion in this study are the USLE (Universal Soil
Loss Equation) method and the MUSLE (Modified Soil Loss Equation) method. The general
formula used is
Analysis of Erosion Rate and Sedimentation Rate at Batujai Dam Using USLE and MUSLE Methods
Page 221
Asian Journal of Engineering, Social and Health
Volume 4, No. 1 January 2025
E = R x K x LS x CP (1)
where E is the amount of land erosion (tons/ha/year), R is the rainfall erosivity index, K is the soil
erodibility factor, LS is the length and slope factor, C is the land use factor, and P is the erosion
control-practice factor (Saadi et al., 2022).
The driving force that causes soil particles to be detached and transported to lower areas
is known as rain erosivity. Rain erosivity partly occurs due to the impact of raindrops directly
hitting the ground and partly due to water flow over the surface of the soil. The R factor in the
USLE and MUSLE methods differs because the USLE approach uses yearly rainfall erosivity, which
may be computed from rainfall data received from rain gauges. The method for determining the
magnitude of the rainfall erosivity index, as proposed by Lenvain (Rampu et al., 2021), is as
follows
R = 2,21 (Rain)1,36 (2)
Where R is the rainfall erosivity index and (Rain) is monthly rainfall (cm).
Meanwhile, the R Factor in the MUSLE method, which is a modification of the USLE, uses
the surface runoff factor to replace the rainfall erosivity factor (Nugraheni et al., 2013) The
formula used
R = a x (Vq x Qp)b (3)
Where R is surface runoff (m2/), Vq is surface runoff volume (m3), Qp is peak discharge (m3/h), a
is 11.8 (constant), and b is 0.56 (constant).
Hydrological analysis is conducted to determine the design rainfall that will be used in the
peak discharge (Qp) value analysis (Palupi et al., 2023). In the design rainfall analysis, statistical
parameter calculations are performed, followed by rainfall distribution analysis to determine the
appropriate rainfall distribution type for calculating the design rainfall, and then a goodness-of-
fit test for the rainfall data distribution is conducted.
The average rainfall in the Batujai River Basin is determined as the first stage in this study
using the Thiessen Polygon method (Rastanto et al., 2022). The R factor of USLE dan MUSLE
methods can be calculated using equation (2) and (3).
Factor K indicates the sensitivity level of the soil to erosion. The soil erodibility index shows
the vulnerability level of the soil to erosion, which is the retention of particles against erosion
and the displacement of soil by the kinetic energy of rainwater. This is influenced by the soil
texture, namely the percentage of very fine sand, silt, and clay, soil structure, soil permeability,
and soil organic matter content (Auliyani & Wijaya, 2017). The slope length factor (LS) is
determined based on the slope class (Kironoto et al., 2021). Factor C is the ratio between the
amount of erosion from cultivated land with certain management practices and from
uncultivated and clean-tilled land. The effectiveness of plants in preventing erosion increases
gradually according to the growth phase of the plants (Arsyad, 2012). Meanwhile, the land
conservation factor (P) is the ratio of the amount of soil erosion with a specific conservation
action to the amount of soil erosion from the land processed according to the slope direction.
Ni Luh Putu Lavidya Amartya Utari, I Wayan Yasa, Yusron Saadi, Eko Pradjoko
Page 222
Asian Journal of Engineering, Social and Health
Volume 4, No. 1 January 2025
Conservation actions include strip planting, contour tillage, bunding, and terracing (Arsyad,
2012).
Table 1 shows the value of the K factor for the Batujai Catchment Area. In this study, the K
factor value is determined based on the guidelines and publications of soil conservation practices
in Indonesia published by the institution, namely the Balai Penelitian Tanah (BPT, 1985).
The LS factor values are combined because erosion will increase with the slope and length
of the hill. The LS factor values can be seen in Table 2. The C and P factors can be seen in Tables
3 and 4. The C value is based on land use, and the P value is based on conservation actions
according to slope gradient.
Table 1. K-factor values for a few Indonesian soils (BPT, 1985)
Type of Soil
K -Values
Complex of brown-gray regosol and lithosol
0.172
Brown Mediterranean complex and reddish-brown Mediterranean complex
0.188
Mediterranean brown complex and lithosol
0.323
Mediterranean Chocolate
0.210
Table 2. LS-factor values and slope class (Kironoto et al, 2021)
Table 3. C-factor values based on land use (Arsyad, 2021)
Land Use Types
C-Values
Settlement
1.00
Rice Field
0.01
Swampy Bush
0.07
Dryland Agriculture
0.10
Water Body
0.05
Table 4 P-factor values for a range of special soil conservation techniques (Arsyad, 2012)
Specialized Soil Conservation Techniques
P-values
Bench terrace :
a. Good constraction
0.04
b. Medium constraction
0.15
c. Bad construction
0.35
d. Traditional terrace
0.40
Bahlia grass
0.40
Soil management and planting according to slope lines :
a. slope 0 - 8%
0.50
b. slope 9 - 20%
0.75
c. slope > 20%
0.90
Analysis of Erosion Rate and Sedimentation Rate at Batujai Dam Using USLE and MUSLE Methods
Page 223
Asian Journal of Engineering, Social and Health
Volume 4, No. 1 January 2025
Specialized Soil Conservation Techniques
P-values
No erosion control measures
1.00
The rest of the eroded soil will settle somewhere in the watershed's lower part of the
erosion site. The ratio between the amount of sediment transported into the river and the
amount of erosion occurring in the watershed is called the Sediment Delivery Ratio (SDR). The
sediment delivery ratio (SDR) explains the potential deposition of eroded soil in the watershed.
Its definition is the proportion of net soil erosion that leaves a watershed. The formula is :
SDR = Y/E (4)
where Y is the average annual sediment yield per unit area, and E is the average yearly erosion
over the same area (Park et al., 2010).
It estimates the sediment yield transported from the watershed to the watershed outlet.
Due to the potential of eroded soil deposition during transportation to the watershed outlet, it
usually has a value between 0 and 1. This event is only likely to occur in small watersheds or sub-
watersheds that do not have flat areas but have steep slopes, many fine particles (clay) being
transported, high drainage density, or are generally said to lack properties that tend to cause
sediment deposition on the watershed land. There are several methods available to calculate
SDR, one of which is the Boyce equation (Sabila et al., 2020) :
SDR = 0.41A-0.3 (5)
where SDR is the Sediment Delivery Ratio and A is the Area of the catchment basin (km2).
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
The average rainfall is obtained using the Thiessen Polygon method. Based on Figure 2, it
can be seen that out of the 4 rain stations, only 3 have an impact on the Batujai Catchment Area:
the Batujai Station, with an area of 5.97 km², the Pengadang Station, with an area of 86.69 km²,
and the Lingkok Lime Station, with an area of 37.76 km².
Figure 2. Polygon Thiessen Map
Ni Luh Putu Lavidya Amartya Utari, I Wayan Yasa, Yusron Saadi, Eko Pradjoko
Page 224
Asian Journal of Engineering, Social and Health
Volume 4, No. 1 January 2025
As shown in Table 5, the average annual rainfall can be calculated by multiplying the area
of the rain gauge stations obtained from the Thiessen polygon method with the maximum annual
daily rainfall.
Table 5. Maximum Average Rainfall
Year
Maximum Average Rainfall (mm)
Year
Maximum Average Rainfall (mm)
2000
65.89
2011
75.06
2001
39.55
2012
74.4
2002
66.8
2013
76.17
2003
71.94
2014
88.4
2004
74.35
2015
92.11
2005
72.2
2016
60.16
2006
86.14
2017
81.36
2007
58.58
2018
61.34
2008
42.8
2019
3.6
2009
229.83
2020
75.22
2010
60.43
The R factor in the USLE method uses monthly rainfall data. The average monthly rainfall
in the watershed is calculated using the percentage of the area of each rain gauge station from
the Thiessen Polygon calculation, and Parameter R is calculated using the equation (2). The
rainfall erosivity value in the Batujai Catchment Area was 25,672.92 cm, and the average rainfall
erosivity over 21 years was 1,222.52 cm/year.
In the MUSLE method, the value of R represents the surface runoff. A rain distribution type
analysis is then conducted based on the average maximum rainfall results in Table 5. The rain
distribution type in the data must be analyzed based on the average maximum rainfall data. The
design rainfall for each particular return period will be determined using the type of rain
distribution. The data in Table 5 indicates that the kind of distribution is Log Normal; however,
there are other forms of rain distribution (Agustian et al., 2018). The short-term rainfall estimates
were analyzed using the Log-Normal distribution. This helps determine the depth and intensity
of the highest rainfall for different durations at all stations. The rainfall design result using the
Log normal distribution is 304.33 mm. To determine the value of R, the values of TC and rainfall
intensity (I) need to be determined first using the Nakayasu method and the Mononobe equation
(Sihaloho et al., 2020). The value is calculated for each Sub-Catchment Area, as shown in Table 6.
Table 6. Value of Intensity (I) and coefficient C
Sub CA
I-Values
C-Values
mm/hour
Leneng
95.147
0.25
Tiwubare
170.576
0.44
Sade
102.167
0.23
Surabaya
102.167
0.21
Kelebuh
129.815
0.20
Analysis of Erosion Rate and Sedimentation Rate at Batujai Dam Using USLE and MUSLE Methods
Page 225
Asian Journal of Engineering, Social and Health
Volume 4, No. 1 January 2025
Then, the surface runoff value can be calculated using Equation (3). The value of R is
calculated for each Sub-Catchment Area. In the Leneng Sub-CA, the value of R is 969.67 m²/hour;
in the Tiwubare Sub-CA is 739.03 m²/hour; in the Sade Sub-CA is 799.37 m²/hour; in the Surabaya
Sub-CA is 1,133.91 m²/hour; and in the Kelebuh Sub- Catchment Area is 1,064.64 m²/hour.
The K factor in the Batujai Catchment Area is determined based on the soil type. The Batujai
Catchment Area consists of a complex of grayish-brown regosol and lithosol with a K value of
0.172, a complex of brown Mediterranean and reddish-brown Mediterranean with a K value of
0.188, a complex of brown Mediterranean and lithosol with a K value of 0.323, and brown
Mediterranean soil with a K value of 0.210. The LS value is determined based on the slope
obtained through GIS analysis and then adjusted according to the values in Table 2. The value of
factor C was obtained from land use data provided by the BWS NT-1 agency. The land cover in
the Batujai Catchment Area area consists of settlements, rice fields, swampy shrubs, dryland
agriculture, and water bodies. The value of P was analyzed based on the slope of the Batujai
Catchment Area.
After all factors are known, the erosion rate is calculated using Equation (1). The erosion
rate for each Batujai Sub Catchment Area, as in Tables 7 and 8, is calculated using GIS software.
The erosion map can be seen in Figures 3 and 4.
Table 7. Erosion value using the USLE method.
Sub CA
Erosion
ton/year
m3/year
Leneng
34,173.40
96,768.30
Tiwubare
8,030.13
22,738.78
Sade
32,032.56
90,706.12
Surabaya
106,008.04
300,181.35
Kelebuh
42,334.97
119,879.29
Total
222,579.11
630,273.84
Figure 3. Erosion Map Using USLE Method
Ni Luh Putu Lavidya Amartya Utari, I Wayan Yasa, Yusron Saadi, Eko Pradjoko
Page 226
Asian Journal of Engineering, Social and Health
Volume 4, No. 1 January 2025
Table 8. Erosion value using the MUSLE method.
Sub CA
Erosion
ton/year
m3/year
Leneng
41,101.16
116,385.54
Tiwubare
4,854.32
13,745.91
Sade
25,805.28
73,072.41
Surabaya
104,848.53
296,897.98
Kelebuh
54,479.14
154,267.76
Total
231,088.44
654,369.59
Figure 4. Erosion Map Using MUSLE Method
The Sediment Delivery Ratio (SDR) value of the Batujai Dam was analyzed using the Boyce
equation, the results can be seen in Table 9. Then, based on the values in Table 9, the sediment
yield value can be calculated using Equation (4).
Table 9. SDR Value
Sub CA
Area
SDR Boyce
ha
Leneng
2,339.76
0.159
Tiwubare
251.96
0.311
Sade
1,975.33
0.168
Surabaya
3,980.41
0.136
Kelebuh
2,479.36
0.156
According to Table 10, it can be estimated that the sedimentation of Batujai Dam based on
the Boyce equation is 97,185.80 m3/year using the USLE method and 99,496.57 m3/year using
the MUSLE method.
Analysis of Erosion Rate and Sedimentation Rate at Batujai Dam Using USLE and MUSLE Methods
Page 227
Asian Journal of Engineering, Social and Health
Volume 4, No. 1 January 2025
Table 10. Sediment Yield value Using Boyce equation
Sub CA
SDR Boyce
SY (USLE)
SY (MUSLE)
m3/year
m3/year
Leneng
0.159
15,408.68
1,8532.38
Tiwubare
0.311
7,065.64
4,271.28
Sade
0.168
15,195.98
12,241.81
Surabaya
0.136
40,755.79
40,310.01
Kelebuh
0.156
18,759.71
24,141.10
total
97,185.80
99,496.57
From the analysis results, the total erosion value occurring in the Batujai Catchment Area
using the USLE method is 630,273.84 m3/year and using the MUSLE method is 654,369.59
m3/year. The sedimentation value obtained using the SDR Boyce equation for the USLE method
is 97,185.80 m3/year and for the MUSLE method is 99,496.57 m3/year. The calculation results
show that the Surabaya Sub Catchment Area contributes the most erosion and sedimentation to
the Batujai Catchment Area compared to other sub cathment area.
CONCLUSION
The conclusion in this study successfully identified the level of erosion and sedimentation
in Batujai Reservoir using the USLE and MUSLE methods. The analysis results showed that the
annual erosion rate with the USLE method was 630,273.84 m³/year and the MUSLE method was
654,369.59 m³/year. While the annual sedimentation rate by Boyce method for USLE is 97,185.80
m³/year and for MUSLE is 99,496.57 m³/year. Surabaya sub-watershed contributes the most to
erosion and sedimentation compared to other sub-watersheds. Factors such as rainfall erosivity,
soil type, slope length and slope, and land use and soil vegetation directly influence the increase
in erosion rates. Erosion tends to be low in areas with gentle slopes and dense vegetation cover.
For future research, existing erosion values can be used and gr ouped into erosion hazard classes,
so that subsequent conservation actions can also be determined based on areas with high
erosion.
Ni Luh Putu Lavidya Amartya Utari, I Wayan Yasa, Yusron Saadi, Eko Pradjoko
Page 228
Asian Journal of Engineering, Social and Health
Volume 4, No. 1 January 2025
REFERENCES
Agustian, B., Masimin, M., & Azmeri, A. (2018). Studi Erosi Dan Sedimentasi Pada Sub-Das Krueng
Keureuto Kabupaten Aceh Utara. Jurnal Arsip Rekayasa Sipil Dan Perencanaan, 1(1), 142–
150. https://doi.org/10.24815/jarsp.v1i1.10363
Apzani, W., Haryantini, B. A., Sunantra, I. M., Wardana, A. W., Arifin, Z., Baharuddin, & Zainab, S.
(2023). Gulma Eceng Gondok (Eichorrnia Crassipes) Sebagai Pupuk Organik Fermentasi
Trichoderma Spp. Pada Tanaman Padi Di Kelurahan Prapen Kecamatan Praya Kabupaten
Lombok Tengah. Al-Amal: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, 1(2), 23–29.
https://doi.org/10.59896/amal.v1i2.33
Arsyad, S. (2012). Konservasi Tanah dan Air. Indonesia: Bogor Agricultural Institute.
Asdak, C. (2010). Hidrologi dan Pengelolaan Daerah Aliran Sungai. UGM PRESS
Auliyani, D. & Wijaya, W. W. (2017). Perbandingan Prediksi Hasil Sedimen Menggunakan
Pendekatan Model Universal Soil Loss Equation Dengan Pengukuran Langsung. Jurnal
Penelitian Pengelolaan Daerah Aliran Sungai (Journal of Watershed Management Research),
1(1), 61-71. DOI:10.20886/jppdas.2017.1.1.61-71
BPT 1985. Tabel nilai erodibilitas tanah [Table of soil erodibility factor]. Bogor. Balai Penelitian
Tanah. Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pengairan.
Diwandono, R. P., Yasa, I. W., & Saadi, Y. (2024). Analysis of Erosion and Sedimentation Rates on
the Service Life of Telaga Lebur Dam. RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of
Multidisciplinary, 9(6), 267–278. https://doi.org/10.31305/rrijm.2024.v09.n06.033
Hardiyatmo, C. (2006). Penanganan Tanah Longsor dan Erosi. Yogyakarta : UGM PRESS.
Ikawati, N., Legono, D., & Yulistiyanto, B. (2019) Prediksi Umur Waduk Logung Berdasarkan Erosi
Lahan dan Hasil Sedimen. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Sipil, 187-194.
Kironoto, B. A., Yulistiyanto, B., & Olii, M. R. (2021). Erosi dan Konservasi Lahan. Yogyakarta:
Gadjah Mada University Press.
Miftayugi, D. S., Siwu, W. P., & Wulandari, D. A. (2022). Estimasi Sedimentasi Waduk Berdasarkan
Erosi Lahan Studi Kasus Bendungan Batujai. Jurnal Media Bina Ilmiah, 16(6) 6873-6882.
Nugraheni, A. & Sobriyah. (2013). Perbandingan Hasil Prediksi Laju Erosi dengan Metode USLE,
MUSLE, RUSLE di DAS Keduang. e-Journal MATRIKS Tek. Sipil, 318-325.
Palupi, G. A., Sholichin, M., &Sisinggih, D. (2023). Analisa Erosi dan Sedimentasi Pada Sub-DAS
Krueng Keureuto Kabupaten Aceh Utara. Jurnal Rekayasa Sipil dan Perencanaan, 1(1) 142-
150.
Park, Y. S., Kim, J., Kim, N. W., Kim, S. J., Jeon, J. H., Engel, B. A., Jang, W., & Lim, K. J. (2010).
Development of new R, C and SDR modules for the SATEEC GIS system. Computers and
Geosciences, 36(6), 726–734. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2009.11.005
Putra, D. S., Siwu, W. P., & Wulandari, D. A. (2019). Pengaruh Sedimentasi Terhadap Fungsi
Waduk Karian. Jurnal Teknisia, 24(2), 108–116.
Rampu, J. R. K., Sukmono, A., & Bashit, N. (2021). Analisis Laju Erosi Daerah Aliran Sungai Cacaban
Menggunakan Sistem Informasi Geografis Pada Periode 2013-2022. Jurnal Geodesi Undip
Vol 6, 1-10.
Rastanto, R. N. A., sisinggih, D., & Hendrawan, A. P. (2022). Analisis Laju Erosi dan Arahan
Konservasi Lahan Menggunakan Aplikasi ArcMap Pada DAS Pekalen Hulu Kabupaten
Probolinggo Jawa Timur. Jurnal Teknologi dan Rekayasa Sumber Daya Air, 3(1) 367-380.
Analysis of Erosion Rate and Sedimentation Rate at Batujai Dam Using USLE and MUSLE Methods
Page 229
Asian Journal of Engineering, Social and Health
Volume 4, No. 1 January 2025
Saadi, Y. Mardiana, S. & Pradjoko, E. (2022). Soil Erosion Prediction and Risk Assessment Using
RUSLE Model and GIS Technique in The Nangka Watershed. Journal Water L. Dev, No.55
185-191.
Sabila, N. A., Yulistiyanto, B., & Legono. (2020). Kajian Sediment Delivery Ratio Bendungan Bener
Kabupaten Purwerejo. Prosiding Nasional Teknik Sipil Fak. Teknik Univ. Muhammadiyah
Surakarta, 177-184
Sihaloho, R., Bambang Sujatmoko, & Manyuk Fauzi. (2020). Aplikasi Sistem Informasi Geografis
(SIG) untuk Prediksi Erosi Lahan dengan Metode MUSLE. Jurnal Teknik, 14(2), 153–162.
https://doi.org/10.31849/teknik.v14i2.5041
Widalia, B. Y., Salehuddin. & Ida, B. G. P. (2015). Analisis Sedimentasi Terhadap Umur Guna
Bendungan Pengga Kabupaten Lombok Tengah. Spektrum Sipil, 2(1), 71–81.
Copyright holder:
Ni Luh Putu Lavidya Amartya Utari, I Wayan Yasa, Yusron Saadi, Eko Pradjoko (2025)
First publication right:
Asian Journal of Engineering, Social and Health (AJESH)
This article is licensed under: