Journal of Engineering, Social and Health

Volume 1 No. 2 November
2022 - (61-94)
https://jesh.globalpublikasiana.com/index.php/gp/
The Influence of
Leadership, Work Environment, and Work Discipline
on Employee Performance
at the Technical Implementation Unit of
the Krian Health Center
Service
Nopita
Sari, Vera Firdaus
Faculty of Business, Law and Social Sciences,
Universitas Muhammadiyah
Sidoarjo, Indonesia
Emails: yusriyati_nur_farida@yahoo.com,
verafirdaus@umsida.ac.id
ABSTRACT:
This study was conducted to explain the extent of
the influence of Leadership, Work Environment, and Work Discipline on Employee
Performance at UPTD Puskesmas Krian.
The research method used in this study is a quantitative method with hypothesis
testing. The sample used in the study were all 100 employees of the Krian
Health Center UPTD. The analytical tool used in this study is multiple linear
regression analysis and processed using the SPSS version 22 application. The
primary data in this study came from the results of questionnaires distributed
directly to respondents and measured using a Likert scale to be tested for
validity and reliability. According to the results of the study, it can be
concluded that leadership partially affects employee performance, work
environment partially affects employee performance, and work discipline
partially affects employee performance. Based on the results of the F Test, it
can also be proven that Leadership, Work Environment, and Work Discipline
simultaneously affect Employee Performance.
Keywords: Leadership,
Work Environment, Work Discipline and Employee Performance.
Article History
Received : 05 November 2022
Revised : 07 November 2022
Accepted : 09 November 2022
DOI :
INTRODUCTION
In an
agency, Puskesmas need human resources (HR), so their role is important to
implement policies and operational activities. According to (M.
S. P. Hasibuan & Hasibuan, 2016) Human Resources is the science and art of managing
industrial relations and roles to effectively and efficiently help achieve
company, employee and social goals. The development of the quality of human
resources is an absolute requirement for agencies to create professional human
resources with a vision for the future, so that they can achieve optimal
productivity and improvement (Khair,
2017).
(Sugiyanto,
2010)
argue that the higher the employee's performance, the higher the company's
competitiveness against the advantages of other agencies. In order to produce
quality and quantity human resources, the success of employee performance is
not limited to educational or training activities, which can be determined by
several aspects within the organization, such as achievement, productivity, one
of which is the key to success, but the success of an agency is in managing the
quality of available human resources.
Puskesmas
is one of the most accessible health services for the community. The Community
Health Center (Puskesmas) is one of the technical implementation units of the
district or city service that must be responsible for implementing health
development in the region. Health service facilities that carry out individual
health efforts first, by prioritizing promotive and preventive efforts. Promotion
is an activity or series of health service activities that prioritize
activities that are health promotion. Meanwhile, preventive health service is
an activity to prevent a health problem or disease. To achieve the level of
public health.
The
function of the Puskesmas which was originally more oriented to curative and
rehabilitative efforts, shifted to preventive and promotive efforts without
neglecting curative and rehabilitative efforts. The function of the Puskesmas
is also increasingly complex because it is a center for community empowerment
and a first-level community health service center, which includes individual
health services with the main aim of maintaining and improving the health
status of the community and preventing disease without neglecting curative and
rehabilitative efforts. The functions are as follows; 1) As a center for
community health development in its area, 2) Fostering community participation
in its working area in order to improve the ability to live a healthy life, and
3) Providing comprehensive and integrated health services to the community in
its working area.
Leadership
is a trait applied by individuals who act as leaders to influence group members
to achieve mutually agreed goals and objectives. While the leader is an individual
who carries out the process of influencing a group or organization to achieve a
mutually agreed goal. According to (Robbins
& Judge, 2013) defines leadership as the ability to influence a
group towards achieving a vision or set of goals. In other words, the leader
can emerge from within the group or by official appointment.
The
work environment in an agency is very important for management to pay attention
to. Although the work environment does not carry out the production process in
an agency, the work environment has a direct influence on the employees who
carry out the production process. The work environment is an atmosphere where
employees carry out activities every day. According to (Sedarmayanti,
2011)
explains that the types of work environment are divided into two, namely the
physical work environment and non-physical work environment. The physical work
environment is all physical conditions that exist around the workplace that can
affect employees either directly or indirectly. The physical work environment
can be divided into two categories, namely the environment that is directly
related to employees and the general environment can also be called the work
environment that affects the human condition. While the non-physical work
environment is all conditions that occur related to work relationships, both
relationships with superiors and relationships with fellow co-workers, or
relationships with subordinates. This non-physical work environment is also a
group of work environments that cannot be ignored.
Work
discipline is the awareness and willingness of employees to obey all
regulations at the Krian Health Center UPTD, and applicable social norms.
Awareness is the attitude of a person who voluntarily obeys all regulations and
is aware of his duties and responsibilities. So, employees must obey and do all
their duties properly and with discipline, not by coercion but based on
self-awareness. In previous research studies, researchers found contradictory
results, namely research conducted by (Liyas
& Primadi, 2017), (Untari,
2018)
so that researchers are also interested in researching work discipline that is
associated with employee performance. .
Bernardin
and Russell in (Priansa,
2014)
state that performance is the result produced by certain job functions or
activities at certain jobs during a specified period of time. The results of
the work are the result of the abilities, skills, and desires achieved. From
the opinion of Milkovich and Boudreau in (Priansa,
2014).
states that, Performance is the level at which employees carry out their work
in accordance with predetermined conditions. According to (A.
P. Mangkunegara & Prabu, 2014) explains that employee performance (work
performance) is the result of work in quality and quantity achieved by an
employee in carrying out his duties in accordance with the responsibilities
given to him.
According
to (Malayu
& Hasibuan, 2012) performance is the result of work achieved by a
person in carrying out the tasks assigned to him based on skills, experience,
and sincerity and completed in a timely manner. Organizations need strong
leadership and strong management to optimize effectiveness. Leaders create a
vision of the future, and inspire organizational members to achieve the vision.
So from some opinions that express about employee performance, all employees
must carry out work according to their responsibilities.
UPTD
Puskesmas Krian is one of the health services owned by the community. Krian
Health Center is a service program that is very easily accessible to the
community while health is very important, health is a basic need for the
community. This need makes the community feel the need to maintain health and
obtain health services, as for the performance appraisal of employees at the
Krian Health Center UPTD from the year (2019-2021) as follows:
Table 1. Data on Employee
Performance Assessment of UPTD Krian Health Center
(2019-2021)
|
Performance Judiciary |
2019 |
2020 |
2021 |
|||
|
Number of employees |
% |
Number of employees |
% |
Number of employees |
% |
|
|
Very well |
2 |
1,25 |
5 |
2,84 |
20 |
7,34 |
|
Well |
86 |
53,75 |
70 |
39,77 |
72 |
25,72 |
|
Enough |
29 |
18,12 |
52 |
29,55 |
93 |
33,21 |
|
Not enough |
43 |
26,88 |
49 |
27,84 |
95 |
33,93 |
|
Bad |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
|
Very bad |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
|
Amount |
100 |
160 |
100 |
176 |
100 |
280 |
Source: UPTD Krian
Health Center 2019-2021
From
the table above, it can be explained that the performance of employees at UPTD
Puskesmas Krian who got employee performance in (2021) with a high percentage
of 280%. While in (2019) there was the lowest percentage of employee
performance at 160%.
From
these data, researchers can understand that the performance of employees at the
Krian Health Center UPTD cannot work optimally, even though there is an
indication of the highest increase in production. It can also be said that the
performance of employees at the Krian Health Center UPTD needs to be
considered.
In an
agency, of course, the leader's role is very important in managing hundreds or
even thousands of employees on a national scale, not an easy matter, when
viewed from individual characteristics, cultural perspectives that are
different from one another. Humans in agency organizations also need to be
treated humanely so that they can work effectively, efficiently and
productively.
Table 2. Previous Research
Studies
|
No. |
Researcher
Name |
Research
Title |
Research
result |
Similarities
& Differences |
|
1. |
(Riana et
al., 2015) |
The Effect of Leadership on Job Satisfaction and Employee
Performance (Study on Wake Bali Art Market Kuta-Bali). |
The results showed that there was a positive and significant influence
between leadership on job satisfaction, positive and significant between
leadership and performance. |
Based on the results of the study, it can be suggested, the need for
leader involvement in decision making for the smooth working of employees.
Need to improve salaries and benefits that many complain about. |
|
2. |
Dwi
Wahyu Wijayanti. (2012) |
The Effect of Leadership and Work Motivation on Employee Performance
At PT. The Power of the Semarang Universe Award. |
The purpose of this study is to determine whether there is an effect
of leadership and work motivation on employee performance partially and
simultaneously. |
Leadership
variables, work motivation variables together have an effect on employee
performance variables. |
|
3. |
Fahmi Aji Wibowo (2013) |
the influence of leadership and motivation on the performance of
production employees at PT. Fragrant Tobacco Sari Kendal Regency. |
The purpose of this study was to determine and describe the influence
of leadership and motivation on the performance of employees in the
production department at PT. Fragrant Tobacco Sari Kendal Regency. |
The
variables studied in this study are: leadership, motivation and employee
performance. The data collection tools used are questionnaires and
documentation, and the data used are primary data. |
|
4. |
Wakhid G.A. (2014) |
The Influence of Work Environment and Work Motivation on Employee
Performance at the Regional Secretariat of Kotabaru Regency. |
The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of the
environment and work motivation partially and simultaneously and to determine
the variables that have a dominant influence on employee performance, at the
Regional Secretariat of Kotabaru Regency. |
The
variable that has a dominant influence on employee performance is the work
environment. |
|
5. |
Ida Indriani (2019) |
The Influence of Social Environment and Environmental Knowledge on
Environmental Behavior of Students of the Faculty of Economics, State
University of Semarang |
This research aims at sustainable development through social
environment and environmental knowledge on environmental behavior partially
and simultaneously. |
The analytical method used is descriptive statistical analysis and
multiple linear regression analysis. |
|
6. |
Nova Syafrina
(2018) |
The Effect of Work Environment on Employee Performance At PT.
Mandiri Syariah Bank |
The purpose of this study was to determine how much influence the work
environment has on employee performance at PT. Mandiri Syariah Bank |
This
study shows that the work environment has a positive and significant effect
on employee performance at PT. Bank Syariah Mandiri Branch Office Flamboyan
Tapung. |
|
7. |
Ali Wairooy (2017) |
The Influence of Work Discipline and Compensation on Employee
Performance at PT. Pertamina (Persero), Tbk. Marketing Region VII Makassar |
This study aims to examine and analyze the effect of work discipline
and compensation on employee performance at PT. Pertamina (Persero), Tbk. |
The research shows that work discipline has a positive and significant
effect on employee performance, compensation has a positive and significant
effect on employee performance and work discipline and compensation
simultaneously has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. |
|
8. |
Syarkani (2017) |
The Effect of Work Discipline on Employee Performance at PT. Panca
Construction in Banjar Regency. |
The data collection method used is by distributing questionnaires and
documentation. The data analysis used is descriptive statistical analysis and
inferential analysis consisting of multiple linear regression analysis, with
t test and F test as hypothesis testing with the help of SPSS. |
The variables of work discipline and work environment simultaneously
have a significant effect on employee performance. |
|
9. |
Reza Nurul Ichsan (2020) |
The Influence of Work Discipline on the Performance of Civil
Servants (PNS) in the Adjutant General of the Military Region (Ajendam)-I
Bukit Barisan Medan. |
Work Discipline is an important thing for
the success of every organization, both in government and private
organizations/agencies. An organization or government agency will succeed in
achieving its goals if each individual or employee applies discipline at work |
This research is a theory related to human
resource management, especially theories concerning work discipline and
employee performance. |
|
10. |
Rumondor dkk. (2016) |
The Influence of Leadership, Motivation, and Work Discipline on
Employee Performance at the Regional Office of the Directorate General of
State Assets, North Sulawesi. |
Performance is the final result that is the goal of every organization
to achieve its goals. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect
of leadership, motivation, and work discipline on employee performance at the
Regional Office of the Directorate General of State Assets of North, Central
Sulawesi, Gorontalo, and North Maluku. |
The results showed that leadership, motivation and work discipline had
a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Improved
performance so that they can be done by always providing guidance, input to
subordinates, being able to overcome any problems at work, and having
institutional attitudes and responsibilities. |
|
11. |
Hamdiyah, dkk (2016) |
Employee Performance Improvement Through Compensation, Work
Environment And Leadership Style At Banyumanik Supermarkets, Semarang. |
Personnel management must be professional and able to recruit human
resources and place them in their qualifications to meet consumer demands for
high quality products and good customer service. |
The results of this study include a significant positive effect
between compensation and employee performance. |
|
12. |
Nunung Ghoniyah dan Masurip (2011) |
Employee Performance Improvement through Leadership, Work
Environment and Commitment. |
This study aims to examine employee performance which is influenced by
the variables of leadership, work environment and organizational commitment.
Efforts to improve employee performance can be stimulated in various ways,
including increasing employee commitment, playing a leadership role and
creating a supportive work environment. |
This study aims to examine employee performance which is influenced by
the variables of leadership, work environment and organizational commitment.
Efforts to improve employee performance can be stimulated in various ways,
including increasing employee commitment, playing a leadership role and
creating a supportive work environment. |
This
study aims to identify whether the Leadership variable has a partial positive
effect on Employee Performance at the Krian Health Center UPTD, to identify
whether the Work Environment variable has a partially positive effect on
Employee Performance at the Krian Health Center UPTD, to identify whether the
Work Discipline variable has a partially positive effect on Performance
Employees at UPTD Puskesmas Krian and to find out whether the variables of
Leadership, Work Environment, and Work Discipline have a positive effect
simultaneously on Employee Performance at UPTD Puskesmas Krian.
RESEARCH
METHODS
In
this study, researchers used quantitative methods. Subagyo quoted in Syamsul
Bahry and Fakhry Zamzam (2015) suggests that the research method is a way or a
way to get back the solution to all the problems posed. So it can be said that
this quantitative data is basically an easy way to get data with a specific
purpose and use. The purpose of quantitative research is to develop and use
mathematical models, theories and/or hypotheses related to natural phenomena.
The
location of this research was carried out directly at the UPTD Puskesmas Krian
which is located at Jl. Setiabudi No.7-9, Krian, Kec. Krian, Sidoarjo Regency,
East Java. Postal code : 61262 and telephone number : (031)-897-1244.
The
population in this study were all employees at the Krian Health Center UPTD as
many as 100 respondents. According to (Sugiyono, 2016) population is a generalization area consisting of
objects/subjects that have certain quantities and characteristics determined by
researchers to be studied and then drawn conclusions. The sample in a study is
usually known as a portion of the population. (Sugiyono, 2018) suggests that the sample is part of the total number and
characteristics of a population. The sampling technique used in this study is a
purposive random sampling technique. Purposive random sampling technique is a
technique in determining the sample with certain considerations in accordance
with what is desired by the researcher.
To
get a sample, researchers have distributed questionnaires to the entire
population in the UPTD Puskesmas Krian totaling 100 respondents. The samples to
be processed are samples that match the predetermined characteristics, namely
employees aged 20-45 years and have worked for at least 4 years. In this way,
the research sample is 50 respondents. The 50 respondents were chosen because
they fit the criteria and have met the requirements determined by the
researcher so that they can be used as samples in this study.
The
type of data used in this study is the type of quantitative data. Quantitative
research is carried out by taking data in the form of numbers, then the data
will be processed and also researched to produce scientific information. The data
comes from the results of the assessment of the answers to the questionnaire
given by the respondents.
Primary
data in this study is data that contains statements and will be given to
respondents. The contents of these statements are only about the influence of
leadership, work environment, and work discipline on employee performance at
UPTD Puskesmas Krian. Secondary data in this study is the attendance list of
employees at UPTD Puskesmas Krian.
Data
collection techniques carried out in this study, namely:
1. Questionnaire or Questionnaire
Questionnaires or questionnaires are data collection
techniques that are carried out by giving written questions to data sources or
respondents to fill out (Sugiyono, 2013). In this study, the questionnaire used
by the researcher was a closed questionnaire.
Table 3. Likert scale
|
Answer Options |
Score |
|
Strongly Agree |
5 |
|
Agree |
4 |
|
Neutral |
3 |
|
Disagree |
2 |
|
Strongly Disagree |
1 |
2. Observation
To obtain unsolved data, researchers conducted
observations, by conducting surveys and direct interviews with research
subjects in order to obtain authentic and more specific data.
Data
analysis according to (Sugiyono, 2018) is the process of systematically searching and compiling
data obtained from interviews, field notes, and documentation by organizing
data into categories, describing into units, synthesizing, arranging into
patterns, selecting which ones are important and what will be studied, and draw
conclusions so that they are easily understood by themselves and others.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
A. Descriptive Analysis
In
this study, the respondents used as samples are all employees who work at the
UPTD Puskesmas Krian totaling 100 employees. Then after the questionnaire is
distributed to all respondents, the researcher will take the data to be
processed and the data must be in accordance with the characteristics and
requirements that have been set. The characteristics of the respondents who
will be sampled are respondents who are 20-45 years old and have a minimum
working period of 4 years. So because of this, a sample of 50 respondents was
obtained.
Of
the 100 questionnaires that have been filled out by all respondents, 100
questionnaires were returned, which means that there were no respondents who
did not return the questionnaires, so the percentage response rate of the
respondents was 100% and can be seen in the table below:
Table 4. Questionnaire Return Rate
|
Information |
Amount |
|
Questionnaire distributed |
100 |
|
Returning Questionnaire |
100 |
|
Presentation response rate |
100% |
|
Questionnaire that does not return |
0 |
|
Total analyzed questionnaires |
50 |
Source: Primary data
processed 2022
Based
on the results of the questionnaires that have been returned by the
respondents, the researchers will examine the answers of the respondents whose
total number is 50 respondents who meet the requirements to be used as samples.
The following is descriptive of the respondents who will be sampled by
researchers in order to obtain data:
1.
Respondents' Research on Respondents'
Identity
a.
Classification of Respondents by Gender
Table 5. Gender
Classification of Respondents
|
Gender |
|||||
|
|
Frequency |
Percent |
Valid Percent |
Cumulative Percent |
|
|
Valid |
Man |
13 |
21,7 |
21,7 |
21,7 |
|
Woman |
37 |
78,3 |
78,3 |
100,0 |
|
|
Total |
50 |
100,0 |
100,0 |
|
|
Source:
SPSS data processed by researchers
Based
on the table above, it can be seen that the majority of the respondents were
women as many as 37 people or 78.3% while the rest were male as many as 13
people and 21.7%. so it can be concluded that the majority of employees who
work in the UPTD Puskesmas Krian Sidoarjo are female.
b.
Classification of Respondents Based on Age
Table 6. Age
Classification of Respondents
|
Age |
|||||
|
|
Frequency |
Percent |
Valid Percent |
Cumulative Percent |
|
|
Valid |
20-28 years old |
5 |
13,3 |
13,3 |
13,3 |
|
29-33 years old |
22 |
55,0 |
55,0 |
68,3 |
|
|
34-38 years old |
18 |
30,0 |
30,0 |
98,3 |
|
|
38-45 years old |
5 |
13,3 |
13,3 |
100,0 |
|
|
Total |
50 |
100,0 |
100,0 |
|
|
Source:
SPSS data processed by researchers
Based
on the results of the table above, it is shown that most of the respondents
aged 20-28 years amounted to 5 people (13.3%), then respondents aged 29-33
years with a total of 22 people (55.0%), then respondents aged 34-33 years. 38
years old with a total of 18 people (30.0%), and the last respondent with the
age of 38-45 years which amounted to 5 people (13.3%). So it can be concluded
that the majority of employees in the UPTD Puskesmas Krian Sidoarjo are in the
range of 29-33 years.
c.
Classification of Respondents Based on
Education
Table 7. Classification of
Respondents' Education
|
Education |
|||||
|
|
Frequency |
Percent |
Valid Percent |
Cumulative
Percent |
|
|
Valid |
High
School/Vocational High School |
5 |
8,3 |
8,3 |
8,3 |
|
Bachelor
degree |
45 |
91,7 |
91,7 |
100,0 |
|
|
Total |
50 |
100,0 |
100,0 |
|
|
Source:
SPSS data processed by researchers
Based
on the results of the table above, it shows that most of the respondents who
are high school/vocational graduates are 5 people (8.3%), and 45 people are
graduates of S1 (91.7%). So it can be concluded that the employees in the UPTD
Puskesmas Krian Sidoarjo are graduates of Bachelor (S1).
d.
Classification of Respondents Based on Term
of Service
Table 8. Classification of
Respondents Working Period
|
Working
Period |
|||||
|
|
Frequency |
Percent |
Valid Percent |
Cumulative Percent |
|
|
Valid |
4-6 Years |
5 |
1,7 |
1,7 |
1,7 |
|
7-9 Years |
26 |
50,0 |
50,0 |
51,7 |
|
|
10-12 Years |
15 |
41,7 |
41,7 |
93,3 |
|
|
13-15 Years |
4 |
6,7 |
6,7 |
100,0 |
|
|
Total |
50 |
100,0 |
100,0 |
|
|
Source: SPSS data
processed by researchers
Based
on the results of the table above, it can be concluded that the respondents who
worked for 4-6 years amounted to 5 people (1.7%), and respondents who worked
for 7-9 years amounted to 26 people (50.0%). The number of respondents who
worked for 10-12 years was 15 people (41.7%), and the last respondents who
worked for 13-15 years were 4 people (6.7%). Thus, the researchers concluded
that the majority of employees working at the Krian Health Center UPTD worked
for 7-9 years.
2.
Frequency of Respondents' Answers About
Research Variables
Based
on the data obtained from distributing questionnaires to all respondents who
are employees of the Krian Health Center UPTD, a description of the tendency of
respondents' perceptions of each statement item listed in the questionnaire is
obtained. In this study, there are three independent variables (X) which
include 4 statements of the Leadership variable (X1), 4 statements of the Work
Environment variable (X2), and 3 statements of the Work Discipline variable,
and there is one dependent variable (Y) which consists of 5 item statements.
These perceptions can be described in the following table:
a.
Leadership Variable (X1)
Table 9. Respondents'
Assessment of Leadership Variables
|
No |
Questions |
Respondents
Response |
|||||||||
|
1 |
% |
2 |
% |
3 |
% |
4 |
% |
5 |
% |
||
|
1. |
X1.1 |
1 |
1,7 |
1 |
1,7 |
14 |
23,3 |
19 |
48,3 |
15 |
25,0 |
|
2. |
X1.2 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
14 |
23,3 |
25 |
58,3 |
11 |
18,3 |
|
3. |
X1.3 |
1 |
1,7 |
14 |
23,3 |
18 |
46,7 |
16 |
26,7 |
1 |
1,7 |
|
4. |
X1.4 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
20 |
18,2 |
24 |
50,9 |
16 |
26,7 |
Source:
Primary Data
Based
on the results of the questionnaire table above, it shows that the respondents'
answers to the leadership questionnaire have an average answer of Agree with a
percentage value of (58.3%) with the indicator "Interpersonal
Relations". This can indicate that the ability of a leader of the UPTD
Puskesmas Krian in interacting with employees through communication and
understanding of their employees is well formed, it will have an impact on
employees because they will be encouraged to always optimize the resulting
performance to provide results in accordance with the target. which has been
specified.
b.
Work Environment Variable (X2)
Table 10. Respondents'
Assessment of Work Environment Variables
|
No |
Questions |
Respondents
Response |
|||||||||
|
1 |
% |
2 |
% |
3 |
% |
4 |
% |
5 |
% |
||
|
1. |
X2.1 |
- |
- |
1 |
1,8 |
11 |
20,0 |
24 |
52,7 |
14 |
25,5 |
|
2. |
X2.2 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
4 |
7,3 |
17 |
30,9 |
29 |
61,8 |
|
3. |
X2.3 |
- |
- |
1 |
1,8 |
6 |
10,9 |
22 |
49,1 |
21 |
38,2 |
|
4. |
X2.4 |
1 |
1,8 |
1 |
1,8 |
12 |
21,8 |
26 |
47,3 |
10 |
27,3 |
Source:
Primary Data
Based
on the results of the table above, it shows that the results of the
questionnaire answers to the Work Environment variable with an average answer
of Strongly Agree with a percentage value of (61.8%) with the indicator
"Air circulation". This shows that the air circulation in the UPTD Puskesmas
Krian work environment is well cared for, because good air circulation
conditions are needed by employees in maintaining their work comfort so that it
does not hinder the work process and the resulting performance.
c.
Work Discipline Variable (X3)
Table 11. Respondents'
Assessment of Work Discipline Variables
|
No |
Questions |
Respondents
Response |
|||||||||
|
1 |
% |
2 |
% |
3 |
% |
4 |
% |
5 |
% |
||
|
1. |
X3.1 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
8 |
14,5 |
26 |
47,3 |
16 |
38,2 |
|
2. |
X3.2 |
- |
- |
5 |
7,3 |
5 |
7,3 |
18 |
32,7 |
22 |
50,9 |
|
3. |
X3.3 |
1 |
1,8 |
2 |
3,6 |
8 |
14,5 |
14 |
34,5 |
25 |
45,5 |
Source:
Primary data
Based
on the table above, it shows the results of the answers to the work discipline
questionnaire with an average answer of Strongly Agree with a percentage value
of (50.9%) with the indicator "Timeliness of work and time of returning
home". Because employees in an agency or company have set deadlines for
work and return home so they cannot be made arbitrarily by employees, they must
work in accordance with operational standards set by the Puskesmas.
This shows that the work discipline attitude
of the employees of UPTD Puskesmas Krian is in very good condition, especially
if you look at the majority of respondents' answers, it can be said that
employees always obey and pay attention to working time and when work time is
over so that the performance they produce will always be maximized.
d.
Employee Performance Variable (Y)
Table 12. Respondents'
Assessment of Employee Performance Variables
|
No |
Questions |
Respondents
Response |
|||||||||
|
1 |
% |
2 |
% |
3 |
% |
4 |
% |
5 |
% |
||
|
1. |
Y.1 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
8 |
14,5 |
26 |
47,3 |
16 |
38,2 |
|
2. |
Y.2 |
1 |
1,8 |
2 |
3,6 |
8 |
14,5 |
24 |
43,6 |
15 |
36,4 |
|
3. |
Y.3 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
5 |
9,1 |
15 |
36,4 |
30 |
54,5 |
|
4. |
Y.4 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
8 |
14,5 |
16 |
38,2 |
26 |
47,3 |
|
5. |
Y.5 |
1 |
1,8 |
2 |
3,6 |
8 |
14,5 |
14 |
34,5 |
25 |
45,5 |
Source:
Primary data
Based
on the results of the table above, it shows the answers to the Employee
Performance questionnaire with an average answer of Strongly Agree with a
percentage value of (54.5%) and the indicator is "Timeliness". This
indicates that employees who work at UPTD Puskesmas Krian always pay attention
to the time and performance they produce. Good use of time will also have a
good impact on work results which will later add more value to the employees
themselves.
B. Data Quality Test
1.
Validity test
Table 13. Variable
Validity Test Results
|
Variable |
Pernyataan |
Rcount |
rtable |
nformation |
|
Leadership
(X1) |
X1.1 |
0,582 |
0,30 |
Valid |
|
X1.2 |
0,596 |
Valid |
||
|
X1.3 |
0,582 |
Valid |
||
|
X1.4 |
0,526 |
Valid |
||
|
Work
Environment (X2) |
X2.1 |
0,467 |
0,30 |
Valid |
|
X2.2 |
0,586 |
Valid |
||
|
X2.3 |
0,536 |
Valid |
||
|
X2.4 |
0,523 |
Valid |
||
|
Work
Discipline (K3) |
X3.1 |
0,426 |
0,30 |
Valid |
|
X3.2 |
0,471 |
Valid |
||
|
X3.3 |
0,624 |
Valid |
||
|
Employee Performance (Y) |
Y.1 |
0,590 |
0,30 |
Valid |
|
Y.2 |
0,520 |
Valid |
||
|
Y3 |
0,434 |
Valid |
||
|
Y.4 |
0,475 |
Valid |
||
|
Y.5 |
0,691 |
Valid |
Source:
Data processed by researchers using SPSS
Based
on the results of table 4.10 above, it is stated that the overall statement
items in the questionnaire owned by each variable X and Y have a correlation
value of r table of more than 0.30. So that each statement item in the
questionnaire can be declared valid and can be used to measure the variables that
have been studied.
2.
Reliability Test
Table 14. Reliability Test
Results
|
Variable |
Cronbach’s Alpha |
Rtable |
Information |
|
Leadership (X1) |
0,660 |
0,60 |
Reliable |
|
Work Environment (X2) |
0,690 |
Reliable |
|
|
Work Discipline (X3) |
0,743 |
Reliable |
|
|
Employee Performance (Y) |
0,741 |
Reliable |
Source: Data processed by researchers
using SPSS
Based
on the results of the Reliability Test table above, it can be seen that all
variables produce Cronbach's Alpha values above 0.60. So that it is concluded
that each variable is concluded to have reliable data status.
C. Classical Assumption Test
1.
Linearity Test
The
linearity test can be known by looking at the deviation from linearity, if the
value is > 0.05 then there is a linear relationship between the independent
variable and the dependent variable. If the value of deviation from linearity
<0.05, it can be said that there is no linear relationship between the
independent and dependent variables.
Table 15. Leadership
Linearity Test on Employee Performance
|
ANOVA
Table |
|||||||
|
|
Sum of Squares |
Df |
Mean Square |
F |
Sig. |
||
|
Employee Performance *
Leadership |
Between Groups |
(Combined) |
220,331 |
8 |
27,541 |
9,801 |
.000 |
|
Linearity |
175,099 |
1 |
175,099 |
62,309 |
.000 |
||
|
Deviation from
Linearity |
45,232 |
7 |
6,462 |
2,299 |
.314 |
||
|
Within
Groups |
143,319 |
37 |
2,810 |
|
|
||
|
Total |
363,650 |
49 |
|
|
|
||
Source:
Data processed by researchers using SPSS
Based
on the results of the table above, it can be seen that the Deviation from
Linearity value of the Supervision variable is obtained at 0.314. So it can be
concluded that there is a linear relationship between the variables of
Leadership on Employee Performance.
Table 16. Linearity Test
of Work Environment on Employee Performance
|
ANOVA
Table |
|||||||
|
|
Sum of Squares |
Df |
Mean Square |
F |
Sig. |
||
|
Employee Performance *
Work Environment |
Between Groups |
(Combined) |
241,537 |
7 |
34,505 |
14,694 |
.000 |
|
Linearity |
194,941 |
1 |
194,941 |
83,013 |
.000 |
||
|
Deviation from
Linearity |
46,596 |
6 |
7,766 |
3,307 |
.893 |
||
|
Within
Groups |
122,113 |
41 |
2,348 |
|
|
||
|
Total |
363,650 |
49 |
|
|
|
||
Source:
Data processed by researchers using SPSS
Based
on the results of the table above, it can be seen that the Deviation from
Linearity value of the Work Environment variable is obtained at 0.893. So it
can be concluded that there is a linear relationship between the variables of
the Work Environment and Employee Performance.
Table 17. Linearity Test
of Work Discipline on Employee Performance
|
ANOVA
Table |
|||||||
|
|
Sum of Squares |
Df |
Mean Square |
F |
Sig. |
||
|
Employee Performance *
Work Discipline |
Between Groups |
(Combined) |
280,569 |
8 |
35,071 |
21,529 |
.000 |
|
Linearity |
255,465 |
1 |
255,465 |
156,820 |
.000 |
||
|
Deviation from
Linearity |
25,105 |
7 |
3,586 |
2,202 |
.514 |
||
|
Within
Groups |
83,081 |
40 |
1,629 |
|
|
||
|
Total |
363,650 |
49 |
|
|
|
||
Source:
Data processed by researchers using SPSS
Based
on the results of the table above, it can be seen that the Deviation from
Linearity value of the Work Discipline variable is obtained at 0.514. So it can
be concluded that there is a linear relationship between the variables of Work
Discipline on Employee Performance.
2.
Normality Test
The
normality test was conducted to determine whether the data managed in this
study came from a normally distributed population or not. If the normality test
value is > 0.05 then the variable is normally distributed, but if the
normality test value is < 0.05 then the variable is not normally distributed.
Table 18. Normality Test
|
|
Unstandardized Residual |
|
|
N |
50 |
|
|
Normal Parametersa,b |
Mean |
.0000000 |
|
Std. Deviation |
1.65620617 |
|
|
Most Extreme
Differences |
Absolute |
.097 |
|
Positive |
.092 |
|
|
Negative |
-.097 |
|
|
Test
Statistic |
.097 |
|
|
Asymp. Sig.
(2-tailed) |
.200c,d |
|
Source: Data processed by researchers using SPSS
When viewed from the normality test table above, it
can be seen that the Asymp value. Sig is obtained at 0.200 which means it is
greater than 0.05. So it can be concluded that the data used in the study were
normally distributed. This is also supported based on the results of the P-Plot
diagram as follows:

Figure
1. P-Plot Diagram
Source: Data processed by researchers using SPSS
Based on the P-Plot diagram above, it can be seen
that the distribution of the data forms points that spread and approaches the
diagonal line, so it can be concluded that the data used in this study is
normally distributed.
3. Multicollinearity Test
The multicollinearity test is carried out to
determine whether or not there is a correlation between the X variable and the
Y variable. The results of the multicollinearity test can be seen through the
Coefficientsa table in the value column of the Variance Inflation Factor (VIF),
if the VIF value obtained by each independent variable is between numbers 1-10
and the Tolerance value is greater than 0.1, then in the regression model there
is no symptom of multicollinearity among the independent variables, whereas if
the VIF value obtained is more than 10, it can be said that there is a symptom
of multicollinearity in the regression model.
Table
19. Multicollinearity Test Results
|
Coefficientsa |
|||
|
Model |
Collinearity Statistics |
||
|
Tolerance |
VIF |
||
|
1 |
(Constant) |
|
|
|
Leadership |
,519 |
1,928 |
|
|
Work environment |
,288 |
1,477 |
|
|
Work Discipline |
,269 |
1,716 |
|
|
a. Dependent Variable: Employee performance |
|||
Source: Data processed using SPSS
Based on the results of the multicollinearity test
table above, it can be explained that the Variance Inflation Factor (VIF) value
in the Leadership variable gets a value of 1.928 < 10, and the Work
Environment variable gets a value of 1.477 < 10, the last variable Work
Discipline gets a value of 1.716 < 10. So it can be concluded it is
concluded that all X variables have a value of < 10. Likewise, the tolerance
value generated in the test of all variables has a value of > 0.10. Based on
this, it can be concluded that in this study there is no multicollinearity in
the regression model.
4. Heteroscedasticity Test
Heteroscedasticity test is a test carried out to
determine whether the regression model has an inequality of variance from one
observation residual to another observation. To find out whether
heteroscedasticity exists or cannot be seen in the scatterplot method, if you
see points that spread randomly, either at the top of the number 0 or at the
bottom of the number 0 from the Y axis, it can be said that there is no
heteroscedasticity.

Figure
2. Heteroscedasticity Test Results
Source: Data processed by researchers using SPSS
If you look at the results of the scatterplot in the
figure, it can be explained that the residual plot spreads randomly and does
not have a certain pattern. So it can be concluded that there is no
heteroscedasticity.
5. Autocorrelation Test
The
autocorrelation test is used to determine whether the regression model has a
correlation between the confounding errors in the t-1 period (Ghozali, 2018).
For autocorrelation testing, it can be seen from the probability value, if the
value is > 0.05 then the regression model can be stated that there is no
autocorrelation. Autocorrelation test can be performed using the Durbin –
Watson (DW) test with the following conditions:
a. If 0 < d < dL then there is a positive
autocorrelation.
b. If 4 – dL < d < d < 4 then there is a
negative autocorrelation.
c. If 20 < d < 4 – dU or dU < d < 2 then
there is no positive and negative autocorrelation.
d. If dL < d < 4 – dU or 4 – Du < d < 4 –
dL it means that there is no autocorrelation
Table
20. Autocorrelation Test Results
|
Model
Summaryb |
|||||
|
Model |
R |
R Square |
Adjusted R Square |
Std. Error of the Estimate |
Durbin-Watson |
|
1 |
,856a |
,732 |
,718 |
1,318 |
1,845 |
Source: Data processed by researchers using SPSS
From the results of the autocorrelation test table
above, the Durbin - Watson value is 1.845. Which means that it can be concluded
that in this study there is no autocorrelation.
D.
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis
Multiple linear regression analysis was used to
determine the magnitude of the factors of the variables used in a study. And
aims to determine the direction of the relationship whether the independent
variable (X) with the dependent variable (Y) has a positive or negative
relationship.
Table
21. Multiple Linear Regression Analysis Test Results
|
Coefficientsa |
||||||
|
Model |
Unstandardized
Coefficients |
Standardized
Coefficients |
t |
Sig. |
||
|
B |
Std.
Error |
Beta |
||||
|
1 |
(Constant) |
4,837 |
1,313 |
|
3,683 |
,001 |
|
Leadership |
,317 |
,134 |
,227 |
2,365 |
,004 |
|
|
Work environment |
,557 |
,181 |
,041 |
,316 |
,002 |
|
|
Work discipline |
,685 |
,140 |
,650 |
4,881 |
,000 |
|
a. Dependent Variable: Employee Performance
Source: Data processed by researchers using SPSS
Based on the results of the multiple linear
regression analysis test table above, it can be explained that the table shows
the coefficient B is the form of a regression equation that can be generated as
follows:
Y = α + β1 X1 + β2 X2
+ β3 X3 + e
Y = 4,837 + 0,317X1 + 0,557X2 + 0,685X3
From the explanation above, it can be concluded as
follows:
1. Obtained a constant value of
4.837 so that it can be stated that if the independent variables consisting of
Leadership (X1), Work Environment (X2) and Work Discipline (X3) = 0 or
constant, so that the value of the Employee Performance variable is 4.837.
2. The regression coefficient
value of Leadership (X1) is 0.317 so it can be stated that if the value of the
Leadership variable (X1) increases by one unit, which will cause an increase in
the dependent variable in this study, namely Employee Performance (Y) of 0.317
= 31 ,7%.
3. The value of the Work
Environment regression coefficient (X2) is 0.557 so it can be stated that if
the Work Environment variable (X2) increases by one unit, which will cause an
increase in the dependent variable in this study, namely Employee Performance
(Y) of 0.557 = 55, 7%.
4. The regression coefficient
value of Work Discipline (X3) is 0.685 so it can be stated that if the Work
Discipline variable (X3) increases by one unit, which will cause an increase in
the value of the dependent variable in this study, namely Employee Performance
(Y) of 0.685 = 68 ,5%.
E. Hypothesis testing
1. T test (Partial Test)
Table 22.
t test results
|
Coefficientsa |
||||||
|
Model |
Unstandardized Coefficients |
Standardized Coefficients |
T |
Sig. |
||
|
B |
Std. Error |
Beta |
||||
|
1 |
(Constant) |
4,837 |
1,313 |
|
3,683 |
,001 |
|
Leadership |
,317 |
,134 |
,227 |
2,365 |
,004 |
|
|
Work environment |
,557 |
,181 |
,041 |
3,316 |
,002 |
|
|
Work discipline |
,685 |
,140 |
,650 |
4,881 |
,000 |
|
a. Dependent Variable: Employee Performance
Source: Data processed by researchers using SPSS
By using the assumption of a confidence level of 5% or 0.05 with a degree
of freedom value of K = 3 and df2 = n-k-1 (50-3-1 = 46) so as to obtain a
t-table of 1.67866, it can be concluded as follows :
a. Leadership (X1)
The t-count value is (2.365) while the t-table is (1.67866) then the
t-count value > t table (2.365 > 1.67866) so that it can be concluded
that there is a strong influence on H1 is accepted and H0 is rejected. With a
significance value (0.004 < 0.05) it can be concluded that "H1: There
is an influence between the Leadership variables on Employee Performance is
accepted".
b. Work Environment (X2)
The t-count value is (3.316) while the t-table value is (1.67866), so the
t-count > t-table (3.316 > 1.67866) so that it can be concluded that
there is a strong influence for H1 to be accepted and H0 to be rejected. With a
significance value obtained of (0.002 <0.05) so it can be concluded that
"H2: There is an influence between the variables of the Work Environment
on Employee Performance is accepted".
c. Work Discipline (X3)
The calculated t value is (4,881) while the t table value is (1,67866) so
the t value > t table (4.881 > 1.67866) so that it can be concluded that
there is a strong influence on H1 is accepted and H0 is rejected. With a
significance value obtained of (0.000 < 0.05) it can be interpreted that
"H3: There is an influence between Work Discipline variables on Employee
Performance is accepted".
2. F Test (Simultaneous Test)
Table 23.
Simultaneous Test Results (Test F)
|
ANOVAa |
||||||
|
Model |
Sum of Squares |
df |
Mean Square |
F |
Sig. |
|
|
1 |
Regression |
266,351 |
3 |
88,784 |
25,099 |
,000b |
|
Residual |
197,299 |
46 |
1,737 |
|
|
|
|
Total |
363,650 |
49 |
|
|
|
|
Source: Data processed by researchers using SPSS
Based on the results of the F test table above, it can be seen that the F
table value is 2.81. While the calculated F value is 25.099 > 2.81.
From the F test table above, it can also be seen that the significance
value for the variables of Leadership (X1), Work Environment (X2), and Work
Discipline (X3) on Employee Performance (Y) is 0.000 <0.05. Based on this,
it can be proven that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. So it can be concluded
that there is a positive influence between the variables of Leadership (X1),
Work Environment (X2), and Work Discipline (X3) on Employee Performance (Y)
significantly.
3. Determinant Test (R Square)
The determinant test is used to calculate how closely the relationship
between the X variable and the Y variable is. The range of the R-Square values
ranges from 0-1. If it is close to 1, it means that the
relationship between variable X and variable Y is getting stronger together.
However, if it is close to 0 then the relationship between variable X and
variable Y together is getting weaker or even there is no relationship at all.
Table 24.
Determinant Test Results
|
Model Summaryb |
||||
|
Model |
R |
R Square |
Adjusted
R Square |
Std.
Error of the Estimate |
|
1 |
,856a |
,732 |
,718 |
1,318 |
Source: Data processed using SPSS
Based on the results of the table above, the R test value obtained is
0.732, so it can be said that there is a very strong relationship between the X
and Y variables, because the R test results are close to 1.
Based on the table above, it can be seen that the value of the
determinant coefficient (R2) shows the test results of 0.732 or 73.2% so that
it can be explained that the variables of Leadership (X1), Work Environment
(X2), and Work Discipline (X3) can explain Performance Employees (Y) in this
study amounted to 73.2% and the remaining 26.8% was explained by other
variables that were not the object of research in this study.
F. Discussion
Based on the results of research processed using SPSS statistical
software version 22. It can be concluded that the variables of Leadership (X1),
Work Environment (X2), and Work Discipline (X3) on Employee Performance (Y) are
as follows:
1. H1: There is a partial
influence between the Leadership Variables on Employee Performance
Based on the results of this study, it shows that the leadership variable
has a significant influence on employee performance. This shows that leadership
in an agency or company has an important role, especially in directing
employees to more or less direction. The results of this study are in line with
the theory put forward by (Rivai, 2014) which states that leadership is a method used for a leader to influence
subordinates so that organizational goals are achieved or it can also be said
that leadership is a pattern of behavior and strategies that are preferred and
often applied by a leader. in directing his subordinates to be able to work
well.
To ensure that all work and tasks assigned by superiors to subordinates
can run as expected, a company leader must have the ability to lead, guide,
guide, provide positive motivation, manage the organization, establish good
communication, carry out supervision properly. , and directing his subordinates
to always work in accordance with the intended target. Because with that,
employees are expected to maximize their performance.
Leadership and employee performance have a linear form in the sense that
by carrying out the leader's duties well, employee morale will increase and
work results will be optimal in accordance with performance standards set by
the company. In the UPTD Puskesmas Krian, the leadership carried out by the
Head of the Puskesmas has gone very well, this is evidenced by the majority of
answers to the statements distributed through questionnaires with a score of 4
or 5. This can be used as a reference for the UPTD Puskesmas Krian so that they
can maintain, maintain, and continue to develop employee performance until it
reaches the maximum number so that the company's goals will be easily achieved.
Empirical studies that support the findings of this study are the results
of previous research conducted by (Presilawati et al., 2022) with the research title "The Influence of Leadership, Non-Physical
Work Environment and Compensation on the Performance of Beutong Health Center
Employees, Nagan Raya Aceh Regency", which shows that the Leadership
variable has a significant influence on the performance of Beutong Public
Health Center employees, Kab. Nagan Raya Aceh. On the contrary, the results of
this study do not support the results of previous research conducted by (Posuma, 2013) with the research title "The Influence of Competence, Compensation,
and Leadership on Employee Performance at Ratumbuysang Hospital Manado",
the results of which state that leadership has no significant effect. on the
performance of employees at the Manado Ratumbuysang Hospital.
The practical implication in this research is to provide practical
implications for interested parties and have leadership authority in the
company. A leader, who can carry out his duties and obligations well to
employees, can increase employee morale so that they continue to maximize their
performance so that the resulting performance will continue to increase.
2. H2: There is a partial
influence between Work Environment Variables on Employee Performance
Based on the results of this
study, it shows that the work environment variable has a partial and
significant effect on the performance of the employees of UPTD Puskesmas Krian.
The results of this study are in line with the theory put forward by (Afandi, 2018) which states that the wrong work environment has a major effect on
increasing employee performance. The work environment is something that exists
in the employee's environment that can affect him in carrying out tasks such as
room temperature, humidity, ventilation, lighting, noise, cleanliness of the
workplace, and whether or not work equipment is adequate.
Based on the results of research conducted at the UPTD Puskesmas Krian at
this time, it can be indicated that the work environment around employees is
well maintained. This can be proven from the majority of employees who answered
the statement in the Work Environment variable with a score of 4 or 5. Which
means that the Krian Health Center UPTD can manage its work environment well,
it will also have a good impact on its employees, because employees will feel
safe, comfortable, and not work under pressure. Employees who are uncomfortable
and feel pressured at work will reduce their performance so that it can cause
instability in the company's operational activities.
The results of this study are in line with the results of previous
research conducted by (Apridani et al., 2021) with the research title "The Influence of Competence, Work
Environment and Motivation on Employee Performance at the Tanah Siang
Sub-district Health Center", which shows that the work environment has a
significant influence on employee performance. Tanah Siang District Health
Center. On the other hand, the results of this study do not support the results
of previous research conducted by (Makmun & Khoiriyah, 2020) with the research title "The Influence of Democratic Leadership
Style, Organizational Culture, Work Motivation, and Work Environment on
Employee Performance at UPT. Puskesmas Ambulu”, whose research results state
that the work environment has no significant effect on the performance of
employees at the UPT Puskesmas Ambulu.
The practical implication in this research is to provide practical
implications for those who have authority over the physical and non-physical
work environment. Companies that can evaluate developments in managing the work
environment properly and regularly can improve the performance of employees who
work every day.
3. H3: There is a partial
influence between Work Discipline Variables on Employee Performance
Based on the results of this study, it shows that the work discipline
variable has a partial and significant effect on the performance of employees
at UPTD Puskesmas Krian. The results of this study are in line with the theory
put forward by (Sutrisno et al., 2010) which states that work discipline is important to be applied to every
employee so that it becomes a reminder for them to always comply with all
regulations and standards imposed by the company, so as to prevent and minimize
mistakes made by employees. By complying with and carrying out company activities
according to applicable procedures, it is expected that the performance
generated every day will also increase.
Based on the results of research conducted at the UPTD Puskesmas Krian at
this time, it can be indicated that the implementation of the existing Work
Discipline attitude towards all employees has been carried out well. This can
be proven from the majority of answers to the statements in the questionnaire
distributed, employees answered the statement in the Work Discipline variable
with a score of 4 or 5. Which can be concluded that the majority of employees
who work at UPTD Puskesmas Krian have carried out their work by paying
attention to the attitude of Work Discipline with very good. Work discipline is
very influential on the achievement of company performance against
predetermined targets. If employees are not disciplined while working, the
final results obtained will not be satisfactory. The bad impact of indiscipline
at work will not only harm the company but will also reflect the quality of
human resources in the company. Therefore, the implementation of work
discipline in the Krian Health Center UPTD must be maintained and improved,
because if employees have a good work discipline attitude, the resulting
performance will also be maximally in line with company expectations. This
increase will provide benefits that have a good impact on the company so that
the targets targeted by the company will also be easily achieved.
The results of this study support the findings of empirical research
conducted by (A. N. Hasibuan, 2017) with the research title "The Influence of Work Discipline and
Motivation on Employee Performance at the Marancar Udik Public Health Center,
South Tapanuli Regency", which shows that work discipline has a
significant influence on the performance of Puskesmas employees. Marancar Udik,
South Tapanuli Regency. On the other hand, the results of this study are not in
line with the results of previous research conducted by (Susanto, 2018) with the research title "The Influence of Self-Efficacy, Work
Discipline, and Services on the Performance of Public Health Center Employees
in Lempembekujaya Subdistrict, Ogan Komering Ilir Regency", whose research
results state that that work discipline has no significant effect on the
performance of Puskesmas employees in Kec. Lemrub Jaya Kab. Ogan Komering Ilir.
The practical implication in this research is to provide practical
implications for interested parties and have the authority to apply work
discipline in the company. For companies to evaluate and pay attention to the
extent to which work discipline is applied to its employees, so that it will maximize
employee performance results.
4. H4 : There is an Influence
between Supervision Variables, Work Discipline and Work Environment
Simultaneously on Employee Performance
Overall the variables X and Y in this study showed a significant value.
So it can be concluded that the variables of Leadership, Work Environment and
Work Discipline have a simultaneous and significant effect on employee
performance at UPTD Puskesmas Krian.
To see the effect between the independent variable and the dependent
variable simultaneously, it can be done by comparing the F-count value with the
F-table. If the F-count > F-table, it can be said that there is a
significant influence between the independent variable and the dependent
variable, and vice versa. In this study, the F test value (F count) was greater
than the F table. So it can be concluded that the variables of Leadership, Work
Environment, and Work Discipline have a significant effect on the performance
of UPTD Puskesmas Krian. Thus, UPTD Puskesmas Krian needs to pay more attention
to the variables of Leadership, Work Environment and Work Discipline in order
to improve the performance of the resulting employees.
The results of this study support the theory put forward by (A. A. A. P. Mangkunegara, 2011) which states that employee performance is the result of a person's work
in quality and quantity that has been achieved by employees in carrying out
their duties according to the responsibilities given. In a sense, when a
leader's duties are carried out well, high employee discipline, and a
comfortable and conducive work environment will create peace and a sense of
security will be felt by employees at work so that they can optimize the
performance they produce. Because if employee performance increases it will be
easier for the company to achieve the targets or goals that have been set.
An empirical study that also supports the findings of this study is the
result of a previous study conducted by (Nurhasiah, 2019) with the research title "The Influence of Leadership Style, Work
Environment, and Work Discipline on Employee Performance at the Technical
Implementation Unit of the Petung Public Health Center, Penajam Paser Utara
Regency", which shows that Leadership Style, Work Environment, and Work
Discipline have a positive and significant impact on Employee Performance at
the Technical Implementation Unit of Petung Public Health Center, Penajam Paser
Utara Regency. On the contrary, the results of this study do not support the
results of previous research conducted by (Nuriyah et al., 2022) with the research title "The Influence of Leadership, Work
Environment, and Work Discipline on the Performance of Padang Health Center
Employees", whose research results state that there is no significant
relationship. positive and significant between the variables of Leadership,
Work Environment, and Work Discipline on Employee Performance.
The practical implication in this research is to provide practical
implications for the authorities in managing Leadership, Work Environment, and
Work Discipline. Companies can share information and conduct evaluations to
continue to maintain Leadership, Work Environment, and Work Discipline so that
employee performance can be continuously improved.
Table 25. Relationship between Variables
|
No. |
Relationship
Between Variables |
Hypothesis |
Theory
and Empirical |
Theory
and Empirical |
|
1. |
Leadership on Employee Performance |
Leadership Affects Employee Performance |
Theoretical: Reza
Zarvedi et al.,
(2014) ; Arianty (2016); Amirullah (2015) ; Robbins & Judge
(2013) ; Fahmi (2017) ; Rivai (2014). Empirical: Febiola
Presilawati et al., (2022) ; Christilia
O. Posuma (2013). |
Proven or Hypothesis 1 Accepted |
|
2. |
Work Environment on Employee Performance |
Work Environment Affects Employee Performance |
Theoretical: Raziq
& Maulabakhsh (2015) ; Sedarmayanti (2017) ; Sedarmayanti (2014) ; Afandi (2018) Empirical: Achmad
Syamsudin (2021) ; Sukron
Makmun & Miftakhul Khoiriyah (2020). |
Proven or Hypothesis 2 Accepted |
|
3. |
Work Discipline on Employee Performance |
Work Discipline on Employee Performance |
Theoretical: Pramadita
& Surya (2015); Mangkunegara
(2015); Sutrisno (2014). Empirical: Abdul
Nasser Hasibuan (2017) ; Eko Susanto (2018). |
Proven or Hypothesis 3 Accepted |
|
4. |
Leadership, Work Environment, and Work Discipline on
Employee Performance |
Leadership, Work Environment, and Work Discipline Affect
Employee Performance |
Theoretical: Bernardin & Russel
(2014) ; Priansa
(2014) ; Mangkunegara (2017) ; Hasibuan (2012) ;
Veithzal (2014) ; Saragih & Simarmata (2018). Empirical: Nurhasiah (2019) ; Sinta
Nuriyah., et al (2022). |
Proven or Hypothesis 4 Accepted |
CONCLUSION
Based
on the results of the t-test (partial) test, it shows that the Leadership
variable (X1) has a positive and significant effect on Employee Performance (Y)
at UPTD Puskesmas Krian. Based on the partial test results, it shows that there
is a positive and significant influence between the variables of the Work
Environment (X2) on Employee Performance (Y) UPTD Puskesmas Krian. Based on the
results of the t test (partially) it is shown that the Work Discipline variable
(X3) has a positive and significant effect on Employee Performance (Y) at UPTD
Puskesmas Krian.
According
to the results of the research on the F test (simultaneous test) it is stated
that the variables of Leadership, Work Environment, and Work Discipline have a
positive and significant effect on Employee Performance at UPTD Puskesmas
Krian. Based on this, it can be proven that the variables of Leadership, Work
Environment, and Work Discipline together can increase employee performance.
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Nopita Sari, Vera Firdaus (2022) |
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First publication right: Journal of Engineering, Social and Health (JESH) |
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