Factors Associated with Successful Drug Susceptible Tuberculosis Treatment among Tuberculosis – Human Immunodeficiency Virus Patients in DKI Jakarta Province 2020 – 2022

Abstract

Tuberculosis and HIV are serious health issues that can significantly impact an individual's immune system by evading immune monitoring functions. Research on TB-HIV treatment success, especially in DKI Jakarta province, is still limited. This study aims to assess the treatment success of tuberculosis patients who also have HIV co-infection through an analysis of the patient's sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. This cross-sectional study used secondary data from the Tuberculosis Information System (SITB) of the DKI Jakarta Provincial Health Office from 2020 to 2022. We conducted a chi-square bivariate test, and for multivariate analysis, we used the Cox Regression with constant time at risk to provide Prevalence Rasio (PR). Out of 1902 patients with TB-HIV, the TB treatment outcome was successful in 73.29% (cured and completed treatment) and unsuccessful in 26.71% (failed, died, or lost to follow-up). There was a higher chance that TB treatment would work for people who got it in primary care (aPR: 1.16; 95% CI: 1.04–1.29) and those who got ART (aPR: 3.72; 95% CI: 1.20–11.55). Most patients had a successful treatment outcome, although it was below the target of 90%. Therefore, ensuring that such patients get monitoring in their treatment, especially in hospitals, and also get ART is important. It is crucial to strengthen and provide holistic support to ensure compliance and the success of TB and HIV treatment.