Shuttle Feeder Preferences at Lebak Bulus MRT Station: Binary Logit and Cost Analysis

Abstract

First-mile access remains a critical barrier to increasing urban rail use in Jakarta. This study evaluates a proposed shuttle feeder service for MRT Lebak Bulus Station using 249 valid stated-preference survey responses. Respondents evaluated three hypothetical shuttle packages: Shuttle A (30 minutes, Rp10,000), Shuttle B (25 minutes, Rp15,000), Shuttle C (20 minutes, Rp20,000), and their existing access mode. The analysis integrates observed stated-preference choice, access-mode segmentation, scenario-specific binary logit, probability estimation from utility functions, generalized cost sensitivity, willingness to pay, an affordability proxy based on existing access expenditure, and residential corridor synthesis. The contribution of the study is the combined use of aggregate and access-mode-segmented evidence to translate behavioral preference results into an operational feeder recommendation. Results show that 89.6% of respondents selected a shuttle alternative, with Shuttle B as the most preferred scenario (43.8%). Segmented probabilities indicate that four-wheeled private vehicle and ride-hailing users are more likely to consider shuttle alternatives, while two-wheeled private vehicle users remain more difficult to shift based on time and cost alone. Implied value-of-time estimates from the binary logit models are treated as indicative, and generalized cost is used as a sensitivity framework under Rp500, Rp1,000, and Rp1,500 per minute. The synthesis supports a Shuttle B-like service as the initial operational baseline, while Shuttle C-like improvements may be used selectively for higher-cost or more time-sensitive user segments. The southwest corridor, particularly the Ciputat-Rempoa-Legoso cluster, is recommended as the priority implementation area.