Development of Cost Overrun Risk Control Using 3D-8D Building Information Modeling (BIM) Technology in Integrated Design-and-Build Construction Projects to Improve Project Performance

Abstract

This study aims to develop cost overrun risk control using 3D-8D Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology in building construction projects with integrated Design and Build contracts to improve project performance. The research method employed a quantitative approach with descriptive and inferential designs. Data were collected through questionnaires from 30 respondents involved in building projects with integrated Design and Build contracts in Indonesia. The research instruments were tested for validity using Pearson correlation and for reliability using Cronbach's Alpha. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression using SPSS version 25.0 software. The results showed that all variables achieved high average scores, with 3D-5D BIM implementation being the most dominant dimension (average 145.90). Validity and reliability tests indicated that all instruments were valid and reliable (Cronbach's Alpha > 0.60). The dominant factors causing cost overrun were design changes, design delays, unclear scope of work, and weak change control. The implementation of 3D-8D BIM has been proven to improve coordination, project information accuracy, cost and time control, asset management, and occupational safety. Project control processes play a crucial role in achieving cost, quality, time, and safety targets. In conclusion, the integrated implementation of 3D-8D BIM is recommended as a primary strategy for controlling the risk of cost overrun and improving design and build project performance. The synergy between BIM implementation and effective project control processes has been proven to detect design and construction risks early, enabling immediate preventive action to maintain overall project performance.